Terence, Flowers for Latin Speaking (1533)
Date
1533
Author
Translator
Book title
Floures for Latine Spekynge Selected and gathered oute of Terence, and the same translated in to Englysshe, together with the exposition and settynge forthe as welle of suche latyne wordes, as were thought nedefull to be annoted, as also of dyuers grammatical rules, very profytable & necessarye for the expedite knowlege in the latine tongue
Publication place
London
Publisher
Thomas Berthelet
Transcription source
EEBO/TCP
Text type
printed book
Genre
Treatises
Subject area
- Latin
- rhetoric
Summary
Selection of phrases and passages from Terence's plays, offering parallel Latin text and English translation, sometimes supplemented by commentary that explains rhetorical concepts and terms
Language
headwords: Latin
explanations: English
explanations: English
explanations: English
explanations: English
Word-group
type: topical
Word-entry
type: logical
sample: Ita dictu opus est, si me uis saluum esse, et rem, et filium. Thou muste nedes so saye, if thou wolte haue my lyfe saued, and my goodes and my sonne. Here is the figure of construction called zeugma, whiche is when a verbe or an adiectiue is reduced and referred vnto dyuers a nominatiue cases or substantiues, that is to wytte, vnto the nominatiue or substantiue that is nexte vnto it expressely, and vnto all the others, by vnderstandynge or repetyng: as Ego et tu uiuis, I and thou lyue. Where uiuis is reduced and referred vnto two nominatiue cases, that is to witte ego and tu. And with the nexte, that is tu, it accordeth in numbre and person expressely, and with the further that is ego, by vnderstandynge thus. Ego. s. uiuo, et tu uiuis. So coeli mouendi sunt, et terra. Where mouendi and sunt accorden with the next, that is coeli expressely, that is to saye, the verbe in noumbre and persone, and the adiectiue in case, gendre, and numbre. And with the further terra, they bothe accorden not, but by vnderstandynge thus, Coeli mouendi sunt, et terra. s. mouenda est. So Virgil. Hic illius arma, hic currus fuit. Where the sense and oration is thus to be made perfect. Hic illius arma. s. fuerunt: Hic currus fuit. &c. Ageyne Ego et uxor mea est docta. The perfect speking is this, Ego. s. sum doctus, et uxor mea est docta, or els Ego sum doctus, et uxor. s. est docta. Yet this not withstandynge, yf there be any comparation, the verbe or the adiectiue may accorde with the further. As in example we say not Ego melius quàm tu scribis, but Ego melius quam tu, scribo, I wryte better then thou. Lyke wyse if there be any similitude, the verbe or adiectiue shal accord with the further nominatiue or substantiue: as Ego sicut tu sentio, and not ego sicut tu sentis, I thynke as thou doest, or I am of the mynde that thou arte. And in the psalme Ego sicut foenum arui, & not ego sicut foenum aruit. Also by the coniunction nisi, thus. Talem filium nulla nisi tu pareret, and not pareres: but by vnderstandynge. And here note, that zeugma, maye be three manier wayes. Fyrst in person, as Ego et tu uiuis: Secondarily in gendre, as Rex et regina est irata: Thirdely in numbre, as Cic. Nihil te hic munitissimus habendi senatus locus, nihil horum ora, uultus que mouerunt? Hath this most stronge place, that the parlyament is kepte in, and the faces or countenances or lokes of these men, being present and beholdynge the, moued the nothyng at all? Note further, that ther be thre kindes of zeugma. One is called in greke protozeugma, that is when the verbe or the adiectiue is sette in the begynnynge: as Dormio ego et tu. An other is called mesozeugma, which is when the verbe or the adiectiue is sette in the myddes: as Ego dormio et tu. The thyrde is called hypozeugma, and that is where the verbe is put in the end: as Ego et tu dormis. But when a verbe or an adiectiue is reduced vnto dyuers nominatiue cases or substantiues, and agreeth with them both, the grammarians callen it zeugma locutionis, of spekynge, non constructionis, and not of construction. As in the example of Cicero afore, Nihil horum ora uultùsque mouerunt. Ageyn. Ioannes est eruditus et petrus. Zeugma requireth foure thynges: Fyrste diuerse substantiues, as Rex et regina: Secondarily a coniunction, as et. Thirdely a verbe or an adiectiue, as irata est. Fourthly that the same verbe or adiectife do agree expressly with the next nominatiue or substantiue, as Rex et regina est irata. Where note that the coniunction may be eyther a coniunctife, a disiunctife, or els an expletiue, it maye be also an aduerbe in stede of a coniunction: as Cubas ubi ego, Thou lyest where I doo. Coenas quando nos, Thou suppest when we doo. Haec ferè de zeugmate Gerardus Listrius. (190r-92r)
sample: Ita dictu opus est, si me uis saluum esse, et rem, et filium. Thou muste nedes so saye, if thou wolte haue my lyfe saued, and my goodes and my sonne. Here is the figure of construction called zeugma, whiche is when a verbe or an adiectiue is reduced and referred vnto dyuers a nominatiue cases or substantiues, that is to wytte, vnto the nominatiue or substantiue that is nexte vnto it expressely, and vnto all the others, by vnderstandynge or repetyng: as Ego et tu uiuis, I and thou lyue. Where uiuis is reduced and referred vnto two nominatiue cases, that is to witte ego and tu. And with the nexte, that is tu, it accordeth in numbre and person expressely, and with the further that is ego, by vnderstandynge thus. Ego. s. uiuo, et tu uiuis. So coeli mouendi sunt, et terra. Where mouendi and sunt accorden with the next, that is coeli expressely, that is to saye, the verbe in noumbre and persone, and the adiectiue in case, gendre, and numbre. And with the further terra, they bothe accorden not, but by vnderstandynge thus, Coeli mouendi sunt, et terra. s. mouenda est. So Virgil. Hic illius arma, hic currus fuit. Where the sense and oration is thus to be made perfect. Hic illius arma. s. fuerunt: Hic currus fuit. &c. Ageyne Ego et uxor mea est docta. The perfect speking is this, Ego. s. sum doctus, et uxor mea est docta, or els Ego sum doctus, et uxor. s. est docta. Yet this not withstandynge, yf there be any comparation, the verbe or the adiectiue may accorde with the further. As in example we say not Ego melius quàm tu scribis, but Ego melius quam tu, scribo, I wryte better then thou. Lyke wyse if there be any similitude, the verbe or adiectiue shal accord with the further nominatiue or substantiue: as Ego sicut tu sentio, and not ego sicut tu sentis, I thynke as thou doest, or I am of the mynde that thou arte. And in the psalme Ego sicut foenum arui, & not ego sicut foenum aruit. Also by the coniunction nisi, thus. Talem filium nulla nisi tu pareret, and not pareres: but by vnderstandynge. And here note, that zeugma, maye be three manier wayes. Fyrst in person, as Ego et tu uiuis: Secondarily in gendre, as Rex et regina est irata: Thirdely in numbre, as Cic. Nihil te hic munitissimus habendi senatus locus, nihil horum ora, uultus que mouerunt? Hath this most stronge place, that the parlyament is kepte in, and the faces or countenances or lokes of these men, being present and beholdynge the, moued the nothyng at all? Note further, that ther be thre kindes of zeugma. One is called in greke protozeugma, that is when the verbe or the adiectiue is sette in the begynnynge: as Dormio ego et tu. An other is called mesozeugma, which is when the verbe or the adiectiue is sette in the myddes: as Ego dormio et tu. The thyrde is called hypozeugma, and that is where the verbe is put in the end: as Ego et tu dormis. But when a verbe or an adiectiue is reduced vnto dyuers nominatiue cases or substantiues, and agreeth with them both, the grammarians callen it zeugma locutionis, of spekynge, non constructionis, and not of construction. As in the example of Cicero afore, Nihil horum ora uultùsque mouerunt. Ageyn. Ioannes est eruditus et petrus. Zeugma requireth foure thynges: Fyrste diuerse substantiues, as Rex et regina: Secondarily a coniunction, as et. Thirdely a verbe or an adiectiue, as irata est. Fourthly that the same verbe or adiectife do agree expressly with the next nominatiue or substantiue, as Rex et regina est irata. Where note that the coniunction may be eyther a coniunctife, a disiunctife, or els an expletiue, it maye be also an aduerbe in stede of a coniunction: as Cubas ubi ego, Thou lyest where I doo. Coenas quando nos, Thou suppest when we doo. Haec ferè de zeugmate Gerardus Listrius. (190r-92r)
Alston
XV.485a
STC
23899
Other editions
1538: STC 23900 (Alston XV.485b);
1544: STC 23900.5 (Alston XV.485c);
1560: STC 23901 (Alston XV.485d);
1568: STC 23901.3 (Alston XV.485e);
1572: STC 23901.7 (Alston XV.485f);
1575: STC 23902 (Alston XV.485g);
1581: STC 23903 (Alston XV.485h)
1544: STC 23900.5 (Alston XV.485c);
1560: STC 23901 (Alston XV.485d);
1568: STC 23901.3 (Alston XV.485e);
1572: STC 23901.7 (Alston XV.485f);
1575: STC 23902 (Alston XV.485g);
1581: STC 23903 (Alston XV.485h)
